Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most commonly diagnosed health problems in the elderly population. They tend to affect more women than men. Most UTIs involve the bladder and urethra, but infection can sometimes spread to the kidneys. Untreated UTIs in older adults can develop into a serious medical condition, putting seniors at risk for sepsis.
Causes and Symptoms of UTIs
Bacteria that enter the urinary tract are responsible for causing UTIs. More than 90 percent of infections of the bladder are the result of E. coli bacteria from the intestines. Improper wiping from back to front following a bowel movement increases the likelihood of bacteria entering the urinary tract. Unfortunately, some strains of E. coli bacteria have become resistant to many antibiotics commonly prescribed to treat UTIs.
Younger patients with urinary tract infections typically have symptoms that include pain or burning when urinating, pain in the lower abdomen, a frequent urge to urinate, cloudy or bloody urine, and strong smelling urine. Fever, chills, and nausea may also be present.
While the elderly may have some of these classic symptoms, they may experience symptoms not generally associated with UTIs. These include a sudden change in behavior, restlessness, agitation, confusion, delirium, and hallucinations. Those with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia often exhibit more behavioral symptoms. Seniors may also display poor motor skills, a loss of coordination, and a greater tendency to fall.
Why are UTIs common in seniors?
Weakened immune systems in the elderly make it more difficult for them to fight infections. Women with weakened bladder and pelvic floor muscles and men with enlarged prostates are at greater risk for problems. Those with urinary catheters are more likely to develop infections. Many seniors don’t drink enough fluids, especially water, that helps to flush bacteria from the urinary tract. Elderly adults with urinary incontinence may fail to change their pads or adult diapers often enough.
Treatment of UTIs
UTIs are treated with antibiotics. Older adults with UTIs may need the help of family members to ensure they take all their medication and receive proper care to prevent reinfection. Suspected UTI patients should be checked by their physician. Staff and caregivers in long term care facilities are able to help residents manage urinary tract infections and help prevent their recurrence.
Next Steps
Renaissance Villages in Murrieta offers independent living, assisted living, and memory care options for full-time residents. Contact us today to learn more about our facilities.
